AIARE Level 2 Avalanche Seminar: Analyzing Snow Stability and Avalanche Hazard

The AIARE Level 2 course is a 4-day program that provides backcountry leaders the opportunity to advance their avalanche knowledge and decision making skills. This course also includes the introductory and prerequisite components for the next step in the professional progression: the Level 3 certificate.

The Level 2 builds from the introductory avalanche hazard management model introduced in the Level 1 and adds to it the evaluation of factors critical to stability evaluation.

Student Learning Outcomes:

• Advance understanding of avalanche terrain, particularly from the perspective of stability analysis.
• Discuss how the snowpack develops and metamorphoses over time; and discuss the factors that contribute to spatial variability.
• Learn standard observation guidelines and recording formats for factors that influence or indicate snow stability. SWAG MODULE.
• Advance understanding of avalanche release and triggering mechanisms.
• Introduce a snow stability analysis and forecasting framework.
• Improve companion rescue skills including multiple and deep burials.

Instructional Sessions (40 hours including both class and field) include:

1. Level 1 Review
2. Energy balance, the mountain snowpack and metamorphism
3. Faceting; near surface and near crust faceting
4. Formation of surface hoar and persistent weak layers
5. Skier Triggering: theory and observations
6. International and national snow, weather and avalanche observation and recording guidelines (SWAG).
   - Weather; interpreting forecasts, recording and observation techniques
   - Snow profile techniques and bonding tests
   - Avalanche observations and recording techniques
7. Stability analysis checklist: reviewing critical factors
   - Stability ratings
   - Daily stability forecasts and analysis
8. Trip Planning and hazard forecasting for avalanche terrain.
   - The avalanche danger ratings
   - Terrain analysis using maps/photos
   - Forecasting stability and variability
9. Terrain selection and route finding
   - Group management and hazard management
   - Decision making 
   - Human factors
10. Information gathering
    - Site selection and relevancy
    - Spatial variability
    - Slope tests
11. Companion Rescue
    - Level 1 techniques review
    - Multiple burial
    - Shovel techniques

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Prerequisites:

• Students must have the ability to travel in avalanche terrain.
• An AIARE Level 1 Course (strongly recommended) or equivalent training/experience is required.
• A winter of practical experience after the Level 1 course is recommended before taking the Level 2 course.

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Additional Information

• Students may be required to purchase discounted lift tickets for $20/day

Required reading:

• Snow, Weather, and Avalanches: Observational Guidelines for Avalanche Programs in the United States(SWAG) - Link also available for purchase
  

Recommended Reading:

• The Avalanche Handbook: Link
  
• Staying Alive in Avalanche Terrain: Link
  
• Snowstruck: Link
  
• ABC's of Avalanche Safety: Link
  

Course Length:  
4 Days  
Cost Per Person: 
$545
Dates:
Call or email for availability

Recommended Prior to Course:
Triple Point Expedition's 
AIARE Level 1 Course: Link

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These courses are run by Sierra Mountain Guides, operating in partnership and under permit with the Inyo National Forest.

TRIP ITINERARY: AIARE Level 2 Avalanche Seminar
DAY 1
Meet at the classroom in June Lake, CA at 8 am. The morning is spent in the classroom. The second half of the day will be in the field.

DAY 2
Meet at the classroom for another morning session.  The afternoon in the field. We use the assistance of the ski lifts on June Mountain to quickly access a variety of terrain. Finish the day with a classroom session.

DAY 3
Morning meeting in the classroom. Then out to the field for the majority of the day. Back to the classroom in the afternoon.

DAY 4
Morning meeting in the classroom. Then out to the field for the majority of the day. Back to the classroom in the afternoon. Finish around 5pm on the last day.